“.... any decrease in the incidence or severity of 'inhumane' procedures applied to those animals which still have to be used."

There are two key issues:

• First, you need to be able assess the impact of any procedure or condition on the well-being of the animal (refer to discussion in Problem 1) and

• Second, you need strategies to eliminate or minimise that impact.

To achieve these objectives, you need to be able to recognise and relieve pain and distress .