By Professor Jane Elizabeth Butler

Journal articles

Prajnadewie C; Luu BL; Finn HT; Mathew AJ; Gandevia SC; Hudson AL; Butler JE, 2026, 'Spinal root magnetic stimulation: evaluating the limitations of a less invasive method to assess voluntary activation of the respiratory muscles', Journal of Applied Physiology, 141, pp. 702 - 715, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00960.2025

Bye EA; Boswell-Ruys CL; Héroux ME; Lee BB; McCaughey EJ; Djajadikarta ZJ; Perez MA; Mendoza G; Purcell M; Lincoln C; Taylor J; Ríos-León M; Williams G; Kundevski M; Diong J; Humburg P; Chen B; Fuchs N; Finn H; Menchero R; Palazón-García R; Sepúlveda-Rodríguez S; Starkey S; Trinh T; Butler JE; Gandevia SC, 2026, 'Corrigendum to “Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation plus locomotor training versus sham-stimulation plus locomotor training in chronic spinal cord injury (eWALK): a multicentre, triple-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial”', Eclinicalmedicine, 98, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.104094

Mesquita RNO; Gandevia SC; Taylor JL; Hudson AL; Butler JE, 2026, 'Estimation of persistent inward currents contribution to inspiratory motoneuron firing in humans', Journal of Physiology, 604, pp. 6488 - 6505, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP290663

Provencher J; Finn HT; Taylor JL; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Héroux ME, 2026, 'Peripheral nerve sensory fibers are recruited with less current and greater selectivity by conventional waveforms compared with high-frequency waveforms', Journal of Applied Physiology, 141, pp. 246 - 260, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00920.2025

Burke PGR; Jugé L; Knapman FL; Yeung J; Bull C; Brown EC; Martins R; Gandevia SC; Eckert DJ; Butler JE; Bilston LE, 2026, 'Differential genioglossus muscle responses to changes in breathing route in awake people with and without obstructive sleep apnea', Journal of Applied Physiology, 140, pp. 1487 - 1498, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00588.2025

Mathew AJ; Finn HT; Prajnadewie C; Gandevia SC; Taylor JL; Butler JE, 2026, 'Maximal strength and voluntary activation of adductor pollicis after a single session of acute intermittent hypercapnia or acute intermittent hypoxia', Experimental Physiology, 111, pp. 877 - 892, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP093227

Luu BL; Finn HT; Trinh T; Gandevia SC; Héroux ME; Butler JE, 2026, 'Temporal summation in human peripheral axons when stimulated transcutaneously with a 10-kHz waveform', Experimental Physiology, 111, pp. 1268 - 1278, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP092659

Bye EA; Boswell-Ruys CL; Héroux ME; Lee BB; McCaughey EJ; Djajadikarta ZJ; Perez MA; Mendoza G; Purcell M; Lincoln C; Taylor J; Ríos-León M; Williams G; Kundevski M; Diong J; Humburg P; Chen B; Fuchs N; Finn H; Menchero R; Palazón-García R; Sepúlveda-Rodríguez S; Starkey S; Trinh T; Butler JE; Gandevia SC, 2026, 'Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation plus locomotor training versus sham-stimulation plus locomotor training in chronic spinal cord injury (eWALK): a multicentre, triple-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial', Eclinicalmedicine, 93, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.103802

Sturgess P; Trinh T; Luu BL; Prajnadewie C; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Héroux ME, 2026, 'Cardiovascular effects of transcutaneous spinal stimulation in persons living with and without spinal cord injury', Spinal Cord, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-026-01270-6

Boswell-Ruys CL; Lewis RHC; McBain RA; Wijesuriya NS; Eckert DJ; Lee BB; Gandevia SC; Butler JE, 2026, 'Impact of respiratory muscle training on sleep disordered breathing in people with tetraplegia: a sub-analysis of a randomised controlled trial', Spinal Cord, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-026-01252-8

Hudson AL; Jolley CJ; Gandevia SC; Butler JE, 2025, 'Myths and methodologies: Invasive and non-invasive assessment of respiratory muscle activity in humans', Experimental Physiology, 110, pp. 1038 - 1048, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP091526

Butler JE; Gandevia SC; Hudson AL, 2025, 'Neural control of human inspiratory muscles. What have we learnt from the study of single motor units?', Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 83, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103026

Jugé L; Burke PGR; Yeung J; Knapman F; Brown EC; Chiang A; Eckert DJ; Butler JE; Bilston LE, 2025, 'Compartmental inspiratory genioglossus electromyographic activity in supine, awake individuals with and without obstructive sleep apnoea', Journal of Physiology, 603, pp. 2877 - 2893, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP287943

Finn HT; Parono M; Bye EA; Taylor JL; Gandevia SC; Héroux ME; Butler JE, 2025, 'Differential effects of stimulation waveform and intensity on the neural structures activated by lumbar transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation', Journal of Neurophysiology, 133, pp. 447 - 463, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00266.2024

Epiu I; Nguyen DAT; Boswell-Ruys CL; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Hudson AL, 2025, 'Detection and perception of inspiratory resistive loads in older adults with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Journal of Applied Physiology, 138, pp. 250 - 258, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00398.2024

Bojanic T; McCaughey EJ; Finn HT; Humburg P; McBain RA; Lee BB; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Butler JE, 2025, 'The effect of abdominal functional electrical stimulation on blood pressure in people with high level spinal cord injury', Spinal Cord, 63, pp. 31 - 37, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-024-01046-w

Yeung J; Brown E; Burke P; Jugé L; Knapman F; Chiang A; Eckert D; Butler J; Bilston L, 2024, 'O050 Regional electromyographic activity in genioglossus during quiet breathing in supine, awake individuals with and without sleep apnoea', SLEEP Advances, 5, pp. a18 - a18, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae070.050

Luu BL; Trinh T; Finn HT; Aplin FP; Gandevia SC; Héroux ME; Butler JE, 2024, 'Pain tolerance and the thresholds of human sensory and motor axons to single and repetitive bursts of kilohertz-frequency stimulation', Journal of Physiology, 602, pp. 6281 - 6299, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP286976

Gandevia SC; Butler JE, 2024, 'Acute intermittent hypoxia: Enhancing motoneuronal output or not?', Experimental Physiology, 109, pp. 1417 - 1419, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP091985

Mathew AJ; Finn HT; Carter SG; Gandevia SC; Butler JE, 2024, 'Motor-evoked potentials in the human upper and lower limb do not increase after single 30-min sessions of acute intermittent hypoxia', Journal of Applied Physiology, 137, pp. 51 - 62, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00010.2024

Hudson AL; Luu BL; Gandevia SC; Butler JE, 2024, 'Graded onset of parasternal intercostal inspiratory activity detected with surface electromyography in healthy young females and males', Journal of Applied Physiology, 136, pp. 695 - 706, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00604.2023

Jugé L; Liao A; Yeung J; Knapman FL; Bull C; Burke PGR; Brown EC; Gandevia SC; Eckert DJ; Butler JE; Bilston LE; Brown EP, 2023, 'Regional associations between inspiratory tongue dilatory movement and genioglossus activity during wakefulness in people with obstructive sleep apnoea', Journal of Physiology, 601, pp. 5795 - 5811, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP285187

Palermo AE; Butler JE; Boswell-Ruys CL, 2023, 'Comparison of two inspiratory muscle training protocols in people with spinal cord injury: a secondary analysis', Spinal Cord Series and Cases, 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41394-023-00594-2

Luu BL; Lewis RHC; McBain RA; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Butler JE, 2023, 'Effect of respiratory muscle training on load sensations in people with chronic tetraplegia: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial', Spinal Cord, 61, pp. 505 - 512, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-023-00920-3

Finn HT; Bye EA; Elphick TG; Boswell-Ruys CL; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Héroux ME, 2023, 'Transcutaneous spinal stimulation in people with and without spinal cord injury: Effect of electrode placement and trains of stimulation on threshold intensity', Physiological Reports, 11, pp. e15692, http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15692

Luu BL; Lewis RHC; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Butler JE, 2023, 'Corrigendum for Luu et al., volume 133, 2022, p. 1192–1201', Journal of Applied Physiology, 134, pp. 276 - 276, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00064.2022_cor

Todd G; Rae CD; Taylor JL; Rogasch NC; Butler JE; Hayes M; Wilcox RA; Gandevia SC; Aoun K; Esterman A; Lewis SJG; Hall JM; Matar E; Godau J; Berg D; Plewnia C; von Thaler AK; Chiang C; Double KL, 2023, 'Motor cortical excitability and pre-supplementary motor area neurochemistry in healthy adults with substantia nigra hyperechogenicity', Journal of Neuroscience Research, 101, pp. 263 - 277, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25145

McNaughton KMD; Witherow JL; Dupuche CB; Peebles KC; Elphick TG; Hudson AL; McCaughey EJ; Boswell-Ruys CL; Butler JE, 2022, 'Inspiratory muscle reflex control after incomplete cervical spinal cord injury', Journal of Applied Physiology, 133, pp. 1318 - 1326, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2022

Epiu I; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Carter SG; Finn HT; Nguyen DAT; Butler JE; Hudson AL, 2022, 'Respiratory-related evoked potentials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy aging', Physiological Reports, 10, pp. e15519, http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15519

Diong J; Kishimoto KC; Butler JE; Héroux ME, 2022, 'Muscle electromyographic activity normalized to maximal muscle activity, not to Mmax, better represents voluntary activation', Plos One, 17, pp. e0277947, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277947

Luu BL; Lewis RHC; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Butler JE, 2022, 'The detection and sensory perception of inspiratory resistive loads in people with chronic tetraplegia', Journal of Applied Physiology, 133, pp. 1192 - 1201, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00064.2022

Allen GM; Palermo AE; McNaughton KMD; Boswell-Ruys CL; Lee BB; Butler JE; Gandevia SC; McCaughey EJ, 2022, 'Effectiveness of abdominal functional electrical stimulation for improving bowel function in people with a spinal cord injury: A study protocol for a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial', Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, 28, pp. 22 - 32, http://dx.doi.org/10.46292/sci22-00008

Carberry JC; Burke PGR; Osman AM; Jugé L; Toson B; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Bilston LE; Eckert DJ, 2022, 'Regional genioglossus reflex responses to negative pressure pulses in people with obstructive sleep apnea', Journal of Applied Physiology, 133, pp. 755 - 765, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00083.2021

Finn HT; Bogdanovski O; Hudson AL; McCaughey EJ; Crawford MR; Taylor JL; Butler JE; Gandevia SC, 2022, 'The effect of acute intermittent hypoxia on human limb motoneurone output', Experimental Physiology, 107, pp. 615 - 630, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP090099

Jugé L; Knapman FL; Humburg P; Burke PGR; Lowth AB; Brown E; Butler JE; Eckert DJ; Ngiam J; Sutherland K; Cistulli PA; Bilston LE, 2022, 'The relationship between mandibular advancement, tongue movement, and treatment outcome in obstructive sleep apnea', Sleep, 45, pp. zsac044, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac044

Bye EA; Héroux ME; Boswell-Ruys CL; Perez MA; Purcell M; Taylor J; Lee BB; McCaughey EJ; Butler JE; Gandevia SC, 2022, 'Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with locomotor training to improve walking ability in people with chronic spinal cord injury: study protocol for an international multi-centred double-blinded randomised sham-controlled trial (eWALK)', Spinal Cord, 60, pp. 491 - 497, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-021-00734-1

Kishimoto KC; Heroux ME; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Diong J, 2022, 'Corrigendum for Kishimoto et al., volume 130, 2021, p. 1352–1361', Journal of Applied Physiology, 132, pp. 434 - 437, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00557.2020_COR

Yeung J; Burke PGR; Knapman FL; Patti J; Brown EC; Gandevia SC; Eckert DJ; Butler JE; Bilston LE, 2022, 'Task-dependent neural control of regions within human genioglossus', Journal of Applied Physiology, 132, pp. 527 - 540, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00478.2021

Luu BL; Walsh LD; Hübner PP; Eckert DJ; Bilston LE; Gandevia SC; Butler JE, 2022, 'Tongue acceleration in humans evoked with intramuscular electrical stimulation of genioglossus', Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology, 295, pp. 103786, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2021.103786

Jugé L; Olsza I; Knapman FL; Burke PGR; Brown EC; Stumbles E; De Frescheville AFB; Gandevia SC; Eckert DJ; Butler JE; Bilston LE, 2021, 'Effect of upper airway fat on tongue dilation during inspiration in awake people with obstructive sleep apnea', Sleep, 44, pp. zsab192, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab192

Narang I; Carberry JC; Butler JE; Gandevia SC; Chiang AKI; Eckert DJ, 2021, 'Physiological responses and perceived comfort to high-flow nasal cannula therapy in awake adults: Effects of flow magnitude and temperature', Journal of Applied Physiology, 131, pp. 1772 - 1782, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00085.2021

Epiu I; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Basha C; Archer SNJ; Butler JE; Hudson AL, 2021, 'Inspiratory muscle responses to sudden airway occlusion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Journal of Applied Physiology, 131, pp. 36 - 44, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00017.2021

Luu BL; McDonald RJ; Bolsterlee B; Heroux ME; Butler JE; Hudson AL, 2021, 'Movement of the ribs in supine humans for small and large changes in lung volume', Journal of Applied Physiology, 131, pp. 174 - 183, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01046.2020

Epiu I; Gandevia SC; Boswell-Ruys CL; Wallace E; Butler JE; Hudson AL, 2021, 'Tongue strength and swallowing dynamics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Erj Open Research, 7, pp. 00192 - 02021, http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00192-2021

Hodges PW; Butler J; Tucker K; MacDonell CW; Poortvliet P; Schabrun S; Hug F; Garland SJ, 2021, 'Non-uniform Effects of Nociceptive Stimulation to Motoneurones during Experimental Muscle Pain', Neuroscience, 463, pp. 45 - 56, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.024

Kishimoto KC; Heroux ME; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Diong J, 2021, 'Estimation of maximal muscle electromyographic activity from the relationship between muscle activity and voluntary activation', Journal of Applied Physiology, 130, pp. 1352 - 1361, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00557.2020

Brown EC; Jugé L; Knapman FL; Burke PGR; Ngiam J; Sutherland K; Butler JE; Eckert DJ; Cistulli PA; Bilston LE, 2021, 'Mandibular advancement splint response is associated with the pterygomandibular raphe', Sleep, 44, pp. zsaa222, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa222

Jugé L; Yeung J; Knapman FL; Burke PGR; Lowth AB; Gan KZC; Brown EC; Butler JE; Eckert DJ; Ngiam J; Sutherland K; Cistulli PA; Bilston LE, 2021, 'Influence of mandibular advancement on tongue dilatory movement during wakefulness and how this is related to oral appliance therapy outcome for obstructive sleep apnea', Sleep, 44, pp. zsaa196, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa196

Nguyen DAT; Boswell-Ruys CL; McBain RA; Eckert DJ; Gandevia SC; Butler JE; Hudson AL, 2021, 'Corrigendum', The Journal of Physiology, 599, pp. 3253 - 3253, http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jp281802

Jugé L; Knapman F; Humburg P; Burke P; Lowth A; Brown E; Butler J; Eckert D; Ngiam J; Sutherland K; Cistulli P; Bilston L, 2021, 'Pharyngeal enlargement via tongue advancement differs with mandibular advancement therapy response and improves treatment prediction', Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society, 2, pp. A11 - A12

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