My Expertise
Dr Foroughi has specialised in innovative research work in smart materials with a focus on artificial muscles, soft robotics and wearable technology for emerging advanced applications, including Medical Devices (Artificial Heart Muscles), Health Monitoring, and Wearable Energy Generators.
Keywords
Biography
Dr. Foroughi is a Senior Research Fellow and Chief Investigator within the ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health at the University of New South Wales. He is also a recipient of the Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship and a visiting professor at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany. He specializes in innovative research on smart materials, focusing on artificial muscles,...view more
Publications
by Dr Javad Foroughi
ORCID as entered in ROS
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1979-5213
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Torsional Carbon Nanotube Artificial Muscles
We show that an electrolyte-filled twist-spun carbon nanotube yarn, much thinner than a human hair, functions as a torsional artificial muscle in a simple three-electrode electrochemical system, providing a reversible 15,000° rotation and 590 revolutions per minute.
Artificial Muscles from Fishing Line and Sewing Thread
We demonstrated that inexpensive high-strength polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread can be easily transformed by twist insertion to provide fast, scalable, nonhysteretic, long-life tensile and torsional muscles. Extreme twisting produces coiled muscles that can contrac...
Electrically, Chemically, and Photonically Powered Torsional and Tensile Actuation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles
We have designed guest-filled, twist-spun carbon nanotube yarns as electrolyte-free muscles that provide fast, high-force, large-stroke torsional and tensile actuation. More than a million torsional and tensile actuation cycles are demonstrated, wherein a muscle spins a rotor at an ave...
Knitted Carbon-Nanotube-Sheath/Spandex-Core Elastomeric Yarns for Artificial Muscles and Strain Sensing
Highly stretchable, actuatable, electrically conductive knitted textiles based on Spandex (SPX)/CNT (carbon nanotube) composite yarns were prepared by an integrated knitting procedure. SPX filaments were continuously wrapped with CNT aerogel sheets and supplied directly to an interlocki...
Sheath-run artificial muscles
We describe a muscle type that provides higher performance, in which the guest that drives actuation is a sheath on a twisted or coiled core that can be an inexpensive yarn. This change from guest-filled to sheath-run artificial muscles increases the maximum work capacity by factors of ...
Superelastic Hybrid CNT/Graphene Fibers for Wearable Energy Storage
Herein, a novel approach is reported to develop superelastic wet-spun hybrid carbon nanotube graphene fibers followed by electrodeposition of polyaniline to achieve a high-performance fiber-based supercapacitor. It is found that the specific capacitance of hybrid carbon nanotube (CNT)/g...
Highly Conductive Carbon Nanotube-Graphene Hybrid Yarn
An efficient procedure for the fabrication of highly conductive carbon nanotube/graphene hybrid yarns has been developed.To start, arrays of vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) are converted into indefinitely long MWNT sheets by drawing. Graphene flakes are then depo...
Triaxial braided piezo fiber energy harvesters for self-powered wearable technologies
we demonstrate novel triaxial braided PVDF yarn harvesters that piezoelectrically convert tensile mechanical energy into electrical energy. Compressing or bending braided PVDF yarns generated a maximum output voltage of 380 mV and a power density of 29.62 μW cm−3 which is ∼1559% higher ...
Unipolar stroke, electroosmotic pump carbon nanotube yarn muscles
we describe unipolar stroke carbon nanotube yarn muscles in which muscle stroke changes between extreme potentials are additive and muscle stroke substantially increases with increasing potential scan rate. The normal decrease in stroke with increasing scan rate is overwhelmed by a nota...
High Performance Artificial Muscles to Engineer a Ventricular Cardiac Assist Device and Future Perspectives of a Cardiac Sleeve
This work will examine this new generation of electrically contractile polymer-based actuators for positive inotropic support for both the left and right ventricle (high- and low-pressure system) as cardiomyoplasty. A silicone coated electrothermal actuator is fabricated to engineer VAD...
Dual high-stroke and high–work capacity artificial muscles inspired by DNA supercoiling
Powering miniature robots using actuating materials that mimic skeletal muscle is attractive because conventional mechanical drive systems cannot be readily downsized. However, muscle is not the only mechanically active system in nature, and the thousandfold contraction of eukaryotic DN...
Advances in Wearable Sensors: Signalling the Provenance of Garments Using Radio Frequency Watermarks
There is a significant nascent market for ethically produced products with enormous commercial potential around the world. A reliable method to signal the provenance of products is therefore critical for industry, given that competition based on price is not a viable strategy. The abili...
Wearable Electronic Textiles from Nanostructured Piezoelectric Fibers
Herein, a novel approach is reported to create wearable energy generators and sensors using nanostructured hybrid piezoelectric fibers and exploiting the enormous variety of textile architectures. It is found that high performance hybrid piezofiber is obtained using a barium titanate (...
Biopolymers for Antitumor Implantable Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Advances and Future Outlook
In spite of remarkable improvements in cancer treatments and survivorship, cancer still remains as one of the major causes of death worldwide. Although current standards of care provide encouraging results, they still cause severe systemic toxicity and also fail in preventing recurrence...
Highly Stretchable Self-Powered Wearable Electrical Energy Generator and Sensors
Herein, a new method is demonstrated to create wearable energy generators and sensors using nanostructured hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/barium-titanium oxide (BT) piezoelectric fibers and exploiting the enormous variety of textile architectures. Hig...
Artificial Muscles and Soft Robotic Devices for Treatment of End-Stage Heart Failure
we review the present state and future direction of artificial muscle based soft robotic biomedical devices in supporting the inotropic function of the heart, focusing on the emerging electrothermally artificial heart muscles. Artificial muscle powered soft robotic devices can mimic the...
High-performance hybrid carbon nanotube fibers for wearable energy storage
earable energy storage devices are of practical interest, but few have been commercially exploited. Production of electrodes with extended cycle life, as well as high energy and power densities, coupled with flexibility, remains a challenge. Herein, we have demonstrated the development ...
Soft, flexible freestanding neural stimulation and recording electrodes fabricated from reduced graphene oxide
In the work described here, strong and conductive microfibers (40–50 μm diameter) wet-spun from liquid crystalline dispersions of graphene oxide are fabricated into freestanding neural stimulation electrodes. The fibers are insulated with parylene-C and laser-treated, forming “brush” el...
Piezofibers to smart textiles: a review on recent advances and future outlook for wearable technology
This article starts with the fundamentals of wearable technology and materials involved and then reviews recent developments in fiber-based self-powered systems and sensors with the special focus on the piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) polymer and barium titanium oxide ceramic. I...
Preparation and characterization of hybrid conducting polymer–carbon nanotube yarn
Hybrid polypyrrole (PPy)–multi walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) yarns were obtained by chemical and electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on the surface and within the porous interior of twisted MWNT yarns. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical...
A reactive wet spinning approach to polypyrrole fibres
Electrically conducting, robust fibres comprised of both an alginate (Alg) biopolymer and a polypyrrole (PPy) component have been produced using reactive wet-spinning. Using this approach polypyrrole–biopolymer fibres were also produced with single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), added ...
Fabrication of Coaxial Wet-Spun Graphene–Chitosan Biofibers
One-step continuous wet-spinning of coaxial electroactive fibres of chitosan/graphene oxide (Chit/GO) via a facile method is introduced for the first time, eliminating the need for post-treatment processes. Spinnability of coaxial fibres as well as their characterization for several pro...
Development and Characterization of Novel Hybrid Hydrogel Fibers
Biopolymeric continuous core-sheath fibres, with an inner core of chitosan and alginate as the sheath, were fabricated for the first time without using a template. Hereby, the necessary conditions to achieve chitosan-alginate core-sheath fibre via a wet-spinning process are presented. S...
Wet-Spun Biofibre for Torsional Artificial Muscles
we demonstrate the use of twisted and coiled wet-spun chitosan fibres to achieve a novel torsional artificial muscle. The coiled fibres exhibited significant torsional actuation where the free end of the coiled fibre rotated up to 1155 degrees per mm of coil length when hydrated. This v...
Smart Fabrics and Networked Clothing: Recent developments in CNT-based fibers and their continual refinement
Virtually all human cultures routinely wear garments or some sort of attire, both for protection against the elements and as part of a complex social display of everything from class status to gender to the act of belonging to a particular subculture. Smart garments, in addition to perf...
Advances in Wearable Piezoelectric Sensors for Hazardous Workplace Environments
Recent advances in wearable energy harvesting technology as solutions to occupational health and safety programs are presented. Workers are often exposed to harmful conditions—especially in the mining and construction industries—where chronic health issues can emerge over time. While we...
Artificial Muscle of Electrothermally Active Contractile Polymers Device and Method of Manufacturing the Same (US Patent App. 17/943,122, 2023)
Artificial muscle device and method of manufacturing the same for the treatment or control of an organ such as the heart. The artificial muscle device comprises artificial polymer actuators or fibers that can work together to form the artificial muscle structure. The artificial fibers a...
Manufacturing Ulvan Biopolymer for Wound Dressings
Although recent advancements in wound healing strategies have led to successful treatment for numerous wounds, the incidence of wound infections remain elevated, and is anticipated to rise as the effectiveness of antibiotics wanes. Biofabrication is a promising technique for producing i...
Advanced Energy Harvesters and Energy Storage for Powering Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices
Wearable and implantable active medical devices (WIMDs) are transformative solutions for improving healthcare, offering continuous health monitoring, early disease detection, targeted treatments, personalized medicine, and connected health capabilities. Commercialized WIMDs use primary ...