By Emeritus Professor William Ledger

Journal articles

Metwally M; Ledger WL, 2011, 'Induction of ovulation', Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, 21, pp. 47 - 51, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogrm.2010.11.004

Ledger W; Chapman M, 2011, 'Barriers to conducting clinical research in reproductive medicine: Australia and the United Kingdom', Fertility and Sterility, 96, pp. 813 - 816, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.014

Jones GL; Hall JM; Lashen HL; Balen AH; Ledger WL, 2011, 'Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', JOGNN Journal of Obstetric Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 40, pp. 577 - 588, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01279.x

Al-Azemi M; Killick SR; Duffy S; Pye C; Refaat B; Hill N; Ledger W, 2011, 'Multi-marker assessment of ovarian reserve predicts oocyte yield after ovulation induction', Human Reproduction, 26, pp. 414 - 422, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq339

Fauser BCJM; Alper MM; Ledger W; Schoolcraft WB; Zandvliet A; Mannaerts BMJL; Engage Investigators , 2011, 'Pharmacokinetics and follicular dynamics of corifollitropin alfa versus recombinant FSH during ovarian stimulation for IVF.', Reprod Biomed Online, 22 Suppl 1, pp. S23 - S31, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1472-6483(11)60006-0

Refaat BA; Ledger W, 2011, 'The expression of activins, their type II receptors and follistatin in human Fallopian tube during the menstrual cycle and in pseudo-pregnancy', Human Reproduction, 26, pp. 3346 - 3354, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der331

Jones GL; Palep-Singh M; Ledger WL; Balen AH; Jenkinson C; Campbell MJ; Lashen H, 2010, 'Do South Asian women with PCOS have poorer health-related quality of life than Caucasian women with PCOS? A comparative cross-sectional study', Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-149

Weinreb EB; Cholst IN; Ledger WJ; Danis RB; Rosenwaks Z, 2010, 'Should all oocyte donors receive prophylactic antibiotics for retrieval?', Fertility and Sterility, 94, pp. 2935 - 2937, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.05.054

Fauser BCJM; Alper MM; Ledger W; Schoolcraft WB; Zandvliet A; Mannaerts BMJL, 2010, 'Pharmacokinetics and follicular dynamics of corifollitropin alfa versus recombinant FSH during ovarian stimulation for IVF', Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 21, pp. 593 - 601, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.06.032

Al-Azemi M; Refaat B; Amer S; Ola B; Chapman N; Ledger W, 2010, 'The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the human fallopian tube during the menstrual cycle and in ectopic pregnancy', Fertility and Sterility, 94, pp. 833 - 840, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.04.020

Metwally M; Saravelos SH; Ledger WL; Li TC, 2010, 'Body mass index and risk of miscarriage in women with recurrent miscarriage', Fertility and Sterility, 94, pp. 290 - 295, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.03.021

Cheong Y; Nardo LG; Rutherford T; Ledger W, 2010, 'Acupuncture and herbal medicine in in vitro fertilisation: A review of the evidence for clinical practice', Human Fertility, 13, pp. 3 - 12, http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14647270903438830

Connolly MP; Ledger W; Postma MJ, 2010, 'Economics of assisted reproduction: Access to fertility treatments and valuing live births in economic terms', Human Fertility, 13, pp. 13 - 18, http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14647270903401747

Ledger WJ, 2010, 'Antimicrobial prophylaxis for cesarean delivery before skin incision', Obstetrics and Gynecology, 115, pp. 187 - 188, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181c8afdc

Waylen AL; Jones GL; Ledger WL, 2010, 'Effect of cigarette smoking upon reproductive hormones in women of reproductive age: A retrospective analysis', Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 20, pp. 861 - 865, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.02.021

Ledger W, 2010, 'Clinical utility of measure of anti-mullerian hormone in reproductive endocrinology', Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 95, pp. 5144 - 5154

Ledger W, 2010, 'Format and structure of the new Part 2 MRCOG', Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, 20, pp. 63 - 64, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogrm.2009.11.004

Fauser B; Nargund G; Andersen AN; Norman R; Tarlatzis B; Boivin J; Ledger W, 2010, 'Mild ovarian stimulation for IVF: 10 years later', Human Reproduction, 25, pp. 2678 - 2684

Devroey P; Boostanfar R; Koper NP; Mannaerts BMJL; IJzerman-Boon PC; Fauser BCJM, 2009, 'A double-blind, non-inferiority RCT comparing corifollitropin alfa and recombinant FSH during the first seven days of ovarian stimulation using a GnRH antagonist protocol', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 3063 - 3072, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep291

Ledger WL, 2009, 'Complications of laparoscopic surgery', Poloznictwo Ginekologia I Medycyna Rozrodu, 3, pp. 494 - 499

Coughlan C; Ledger WL, 2009, 'In-vitro fertilisation', Poloznictwo Ginekologia I Medycyna Rozrodu, 3, pp. 119 - 128

Ledger W, 2009, 'Pregnancy in the over 40s', Poloznictwo Ginekologia I Medycyna Rozrodu, 3, pp. 405 - 406

Ledger WL, 2009, 'Medicolegal aspects of reproductive medicine', Clinical Risk, 15, pp. 197 - 200, http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2009.090061

Ghobadi C; Mirhosseini N; Shiran MR; Moghadamnia A; Lennard MS; Ledger WL; Rostami-Hodjegan A, 2009, 'Single-dose pharmacokinetic study of clomiphene citrate isomers in anovular patients with polycystic ovary disease', Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 49, pp. 147 - 154, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270008328096

Waylen AL; Metwally M; Jones GL; Wilkinson AJ; Ledger WL, 2009, 'Effects of cigarette smoking upon clinical outcomes of assisted reproduction: A meta-analysis', Human Reproduction Update, 15, pp. 31 - 44, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmn046

Connolly M; Gallo F; Hoorens S; Ledger W, 2009, 'Assessing long-run economic benefits attributed to an IVF-conceived singleton based on projected lifetime net tax contributions in the UK', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 626 - 632, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/den435

Ledger WL, 2009, 'Complications of laparoscopic surgery', Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, 19, pp. 193 - 196, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogrm.2009.03.004

Ledger WL, 2009, 'Demographics of infertility', Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 18, pp. S11 - S14, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1472-6483(10)60442-7

Connolly MP; Griesinger G; Ledger W; Postma MJ, 2009, 'The impact of introducing patient co-payments in Germany on the use of IVF and ICSI: A price-elasticity of demand assessment', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 2796 - 2800, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep260

Amer SA; Li TC; Ledger WL, 2009, 'The value of measuring anti-Müllerian hormone in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing laparoscopic ovarian diathermy', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 2760 - 2766, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep271

Metwally M; Amer S; Li T; Ledger W, 2009, 'An RCT of metformin versus orlistat for the management of obese anovulatory women', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 966 - 975

Ledger W; Wiebinga C; Anderson P; Irwin D; Holman A; Lloyd A, 2009, 'Costs and outcomes associated with IVF using recombinant FSH.', Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 19, pp. 337 - 342

Ghobadi C; Amer S; Lashen H; Lennard M; Ledger W; Rostami-hodjegan A, 2009, 'Evaluation of the relationship between plasma concentrations of en- and zuclomiphene and induction of ovulation in anovulatory women being treated with clomiphene citrate', Fertility and Sterility, 91, pp. 1135 - 1140

Ledger W, 2009, 'Format and structure of the new Part 2 MRCOG', Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, 20, pp. 27 - 28, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogrm.2009.10.006

Al-azemi M; Jones G; Sirkeci F; Walters S; Ledger W; Houdmont M, 2009, 'Immediate and delayed add-back hormonal replacement therapy during ultra long GnRH agonist treatment of chronic cyclical pelvic pain', British Journal of Gynaecology, 116, pp. 1646 - 1656

Devroey P; Aboulghar M; Garcia-velasco J; Griesinger G; Humaidan P; Kolibianakis E; Ledger W; Tomas C; Fauser B, 2009, 'Improving the patient's experience of IVF/ICSI: a proposal for an ovarian stimulation protocol with GnRH', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 764 - 774

La F; Howard D; Ledger W; Davidson J; Jones G, 2009, 'Oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and the professional voice: An electrolaryngographic analysis', Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 34, pp. 11 - 19

Ledger W, 2009, 'Pregnancy in the over 40s', Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, 19, pp. 142 - 144, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogrm.2009.01.002

Amer S; Li T; Metwally M; Emarh M; Ledger W, 2009, 'Randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic ovarian diathermy with clomiphene citrate as a first-line method of ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.', Human Reproduction Update, 24, pp. 219 - 225, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/den325

Refaat B; Al-azemi M; Geary I; Eley A; Eley A; Ledger W, 2009, 'Role of Activins and inducible nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of ectopic pregnancy in patients with or without chlamydia trachomatis infection', Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 16, pp. 1493 - 1503

Ledger W, 2009, 'Supine positioning after intrauterine insemination', British Medical Journal: Clinical Research, 339, pp. 1040 - 1041, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b4274

Al-azemi M; Refaat B; Aplin J; Ledger W, 2009, 'The expression of MUCI in human fallopian tube during menstrual cycle and in eptopic pregnancy', Human Reproduction, 24, pp. 2582 - 2587

Jones GL; Balen AH; Ledger WL, 2008, 'Health-related quality of life in PCOS and related infertility: How can we assess this?', Human Fertility, 11, pp. 173 - 185, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14647270802078179

Jones GL; Ledger W; Mitchell C, 2008, 'Suspected premature menopause', Praxis, 97, pp. 1089 - 1090, http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157.97.20.1089

Metwally M; Ong KJ; Ledger WL; Li TC, 2008, 'Does high body mass index increase the risk of miscarriage after spontaneous and assisted conception? A meta-analysis of the evidence', Fertility and Sterility, 90, pp. 714 - 726, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1290

Connolly M; Hoorens S; Ledger W, 2008, 'Money in - Babies out: Assessing the long-term economic impact of IVF-conceived children', Journal of Medical Ethics, 34, pp. 653 - 654, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2007.022475

Farage MA; Miller KW; Ledger WJ, 2008, 'Determining the cause of vulvovaginal symptoms', Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey, 63, pp. 445 - 464, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0b013e318172ee25

Cheong YC; Hung Yu Ng E; Ledger WL, 2008, 'Acupuncture and assisted conception', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006920

Jones GL; Ledger W; Mitchell C, 2008, '10-Minute consultation: Suspected premature menopause', BMJ, 336, pp. 833, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39371.652604.94

Ledger WJ, 2008, 'Perinatal infections and fetal/neonatal brain injury', Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 20, pp. 120 - 124, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0b013e3282f734db

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