Arghya's research is primarily in two areas: industrial organization and international trade. Currently Arghya is investigating the formation of partial equity ownership arrangements and incentives and welfare consequences of collaboration among competitors. On the trade front, Arghya’s recent research examines the possible link between trade and expropriation in presence of imperfect property rights. His work has appeared in top journals including RAND Journal of Economics, Economic Theory, and Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization among others.