By Conjoint Professor Samuel Norbert Breit

Book Chapters

Breit SN; Brown DA, 2016, 'TGF beta Superfamily Cytokine MIC-1/GDF15 in Health and Inflammatory Diseases', in Compendium of Inflammatory Diseases, pp. 1236 - 1245, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8550-7_54

Breit SN; Brown DA, 2016, 'TGF beta Superfamily Cytokine MIC-1/GDF15 in Health and Inflammatory Diseases', in Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases, Springer Basel, pp. 1 - 13, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_54-2

Brown DA; Bauskin AR; Breit SN, 2014, 'MIC-1', in Encyclopedia of Cancer, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 2816 - 2821, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_3704

Brown DA; Bauskin AR; Breit SN, 2014, 'MIC-1', in Encyclopedia of Cancer, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 1 - 6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_3704-2

Breit SN; Brown DA, 2014, 'TGF-b Superfamily Cytokine MIC-1/GDF15 in Health and Inflammatory Diseases', in Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases, Springer Basel, pp. 1 - 13, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_54-1

Brown DA; Breit SN; Bauskin AR, 2011, 'MIC-1', in Encyclopedia of Cancer, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 2285 - 2289, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3704

Moore AG; Fairlie WD; Bauskin AR; Brown PK; Russell PK; Zhang H-P; Breit SN, 2001, 'MIC-1 and other TGF-β superfamily members in inflammation', in TGF-β and Related Cytokines in Inflammation, Birkhäuser Basel, pp. 1 - 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8354-2_1

Breit SN; Penny R, 1997, 'Scleroderma: Clinical features and pathogenesis', in Clinical Immunology, Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego, Ca, USA, pp. 346 - 356

Conaghan PG; Breit SN, 1996, 'The pathogenesis of pulmonary manifestations of connective tissue diseases', in Lung Immunopathology, Butterworth Heinemann Press, Boston, USA, pp. 147 - 164

Bauskin AR; Brown DA; Breit SN, 'MIC-1', in Encyclopedia of Cancer, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 1870 - 1873, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47648-1_3704

Journal articles

Snaith JR; Olsen N; Evans J; Kowalski GM; Bruce CR; Samocha-Bonet D; Breit SN; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2025, 'Effect of metformin on insulin resistance in adults with type 1 diabetes: a 26-week randomized double-blind clinical trial', Nature Communications, 16, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65951-1

Hertzog A; Tolun AA; Wykes AD; Brown D; Breit SN; Ellaway C; Ho G; Gold W, 2025, 'Evaluating the utility of growth differentiation factor 15 and fibroblast growth factor 21 as blood biomarkers for Rett syndrome', Scientific Reports, 15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-20005-w

Breit SN; Tsai VW, 2025, 'Metabolic Messenger: growth differentiation factor 15', Nature Metabolism, 7, pp. 1732 - 1744, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-025-01353-3

Jeffrey B; Alves M; Le S; Foley E; Breit S; Sewell W, 2025, 'Tricky Ts: TRBC2 in the assessment of T cell lymphoproliferative disease by flow cytometry', Pathology, 57, pp. s26, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.124

Breit SN; Brown DA; Tsai VWW, 2024, 'GDF15 research from bench to bedside', Cancer Cell, 42, pp. 1823 - 1824, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2024.10.002

Breit SN; O’Rahilly S, 2024, 'Humans without GDF15 reassure drug developers', Nature Metabolism, 6, pp. 1850 - 1851, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-024-01136-2

Mahon KL; Sutherland SIM; Lin HM; Stockler MR; Gurney H; Mallesara G; Briscoe K; Marx G; Higano CS; de Bono JS; Chi KN; Clark G; Breit SN; Brown DA; Horvath LG, 2024, 'Clinical validation of circulating GDF15/MIC-1 as a marker of response to docetaxel and survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer', Prostate, 84, pp. 747 - 755, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pros.24691

Isik FI; Thomson S; Cueto JF; Spathos J; Breit SN; Tsai VWW; Brown DA; Finney CA, 2024, 'A systematic review of the neuroprotective role and biomarker potential of GDF15 in neurodegeneration', Frontiers in Immunology, 15, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1514518

Snaith JR; Olsen ND; Kowalski GM; Bruce C; Evans JL; Januszewski AS; Jenkins A; Breit SN; Holmes-Walker J; Greenfield J, 2024, 'Metformin Reduces Insulin Dose and Visceral Fat Accumulation, and Increases GDF15 without Reducing Insulin Resistance in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes-A 26-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial (INTIMET)', DIABETES, 73, http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db24-865-P

Pathmanandavel K; Le S; Xie S; Alves M; Foley E; Kelleher A; Zaunders J; Carr A; Tong W; Breit S; Sewell W; Kane A, 2024, 'Novel clinical applications of functional assays to measure antigen-specific cellular immunity', Pathology, 56, pp. s27 - s27, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2023.12.101

Breit SN; Manandhar R; Zhang HP; Lee-Ng M; Brown DA; Tsai VWW, 2023, 'GDF15 enhances body weight and adiposity reduction in obese mice by leveraging the leptin pathway', Cell Metabolism, 35, pp. 1341 - 1355.e3, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.009

Thai LM; O'Reilly L; Reibe-Pal S; Sue N; Holliday H; Small L; Schmitz-Peiffer C; Dhenni R; Wang-Wei Tsai V; Norris N; Yau B; Zhang X; Lee K; Yan C; Shi YC; Kebede MA; Brink R; Cooney GJ; Irvine KM; Breit SN; Phan TG; Swarbrick A; Biden TJ, 2023, 'β-cell function is regulated by metabolic and epigenetic programming of islet-associated macrophages, involving Axl, Mertk, and TGFβ receptor signaling', Iscience, 26, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106477

Breit SN; Brown DA; Tsai VWW, 2023, 'GDF15 analogs as obesity therapeutics', Cell Metabolism, 35, pp. 227 - 228, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.01.002

Trend S; Leffler J; Jones AP; Cha L; Gorman S; Brown DA; Breit SN; Kermode AG; French MA; Ward NC; Hart PH, 2021, 'Associations of serum short-chain fatty acids with circulating immune cells and serum biomarkers in patients with multiple sclerosis', Scientific Reports, 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84881-8

Breit SN; Brown DA; Tsai VWW, 2021, 'The GDF15-GFRAL Pathway in Health and Metabolic Disease: Friend or Foe?', Annual Review of Physiology, 83, pp. 127 - 151, http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-022020-045449

Husaini Y; Tsai VWW; Manandhar R; Zhang HP; Lee-Ng KKM; Lebhar H; Marquis CP; Brown DA; Breit SN, 2020, 'Growth differentiation factor-15 slows the growth of murine prostate cancer by stimulating tumor immunity', Plos One, 15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233846

Kelleher A; Breit S; Levy JA, 2020, 'Professor Ronald Penny IN MEMORIAM', AIDS, 34, pp. 959 - 960, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002520

Breit S; Ziegler J; Kelleher AD, 2020, 'Vale Ron Penny AO (1936-2019): pioneer of clinical immunology OBITUARY', CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY, 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1119

Hassanpour Golakani M; Mohammad MG; Li H; Gamble J; Breit SN; Ruitenberg MJ; Brown DA, 2019, 'MIC-1/GDF15 Overexpression Is Associated with Increased Functional Recovery in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury', Journal of Neurotrauma, 36, pp. 3410 - 3421, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2019.6421

Tsai VWW; Zhang HP; Manandhar R; Schofield P; Christ D; Lee-Ng KKM; Lebhar H; Marquis CP; Husaini Y; Brown DA; Breit SN, 2019, 'GDF15 mediates adiposity resistance through actions on GFRAL neurons in the hindbrain AP/NTS', International Journal of Obesity, 43, pp. 2370 - 2380, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-019-0365-5

Mahon KL; Lin HM; Lee-Ng M; Cain D; Jacobs C; Stockler MR; Gurney H; Mallesara G; Briscoe K; Marx G; Higano C; de BJS; Chi KN; Breit SN; Brown DA; Horvath LG, 2019, 'Clinical validation of circulating cytokines as markers of prognosis and response to docetaxel in men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer', Oncology Abstracts, http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/oncolabs.1.p032

Tsai VWW; Brown DA; Breit SN, 2018, 'Targeting the divergent TGFb superfamily cytokine MIC-1/GDF15 for therapy of anorexia/ cachexia syndromes', Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care, 12, pp. 404 - 409, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000384

Tsai VWW; Husaini Y; Sainsbury A; Brown DA; Breit SN, 2018, 'The MIC-1/GDF15-GFRAL Pathway in Energy Homeostasis: Implications for Obesity, Cachexia, and Other Associated Diseases', Cell Metabolism, 28, pp. 353 - 368, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.018

Jiang J; Thalamuthu A; Ho JE; Mahajan A; Ek WE; Brown DA; Breit SN; Wang TJ; Gyllensten U; Chen MH; Enroth S; Januzzi JL; Lind L; Armstrong NJ; Kwok JB; Schofield PR; Wen W; Trollor JN; Johansson Å; Morris AP; Vasan RS; Sachdev PS; Mather KA; Schofield P, 2018, 'A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of growth differentiation factor-15 concentration in blood', Frontiers in Genetics, 9, pp. 97, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00097

Tsai VW; Zhang HP; Manandhar R; Lee-Ng KKM; Lebhar H; Marquis CP; Husaini Y; Sainsbury A; Brown DA; Breit SN, 2018, 'Treatment with the TGF-b superfamily cytokine MIC-1/GDF15 reduces the adiposity and corrects the metabolic dysfunction of mice with diet-induced obesity', International Journal of Obesity, 42, pp. 561 - 571, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2017.258

Breit SN; Tsai VWW; Brown DA, 2017, 'Targeting Obesity and Cachexia: Identification of the GFRAL Receptor–MIC-1/GDF15 Pathway', Trends in Molecular Medicine, 23, pp. 1065 - 1067, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2017.10.005

Danta M; Barber DA; Zhang HP; Lee-Ng M; Baumgart SWL; Tsai VWW; Husaini Y; Saxena M; Marquis CP; Errington W; Kerr S; Breit SN; Brown DA, 2017, 'Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1/growth differentiation factor-15 as a predictor of colonic neoplasia', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 46, pp. 347 - 354, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.14156

Domingo-Fernández R; Coll RC; Kearney J; Breit S; O’Neill LAJ, 2017, 'The intracellular chloride channel proteins CLIC1 and CLIC4 induce IL-1β transcription and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome', Journal of Biological Chemistry, 292, pp. 12077 - 12087, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M117.797126

Borner T; Arnold M; Ruud J; Breit SN; Langhans W; Lutz TA; Blomqvist A; Riediger T, 2017, 'Anorexia-cachexia syndrome in hepatoma tumour-bearing rats requires the area postrema but not vagal afferents and is paralleled by increased MIC-1/GDF15', Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, 8, pp. 417 - 427, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12169

Low JK; Ambikairajah A; Shang K; Brown DA; Tsai VWW; Breit SN; Karl T, 2017, 'First behavioural characterisation of a knockout mouse model for the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily cytokine, MIC-1/GDF15', Plos One, 12, pp. e0168416, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168416

Baumgart S; Barber DA; Zhang HP; Lee-Ng M; Breit S; Brown D; Danta M, 2017, 'Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC1/GDF15) as a Novel Serum Biomarker of Colonic Neoplasia', Gastroenterology, 152, pp. S1030 - S1030, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(17)33483-2

Hare JE; Goodchild SC; Breit SN; Curmi PMG; Brown LJ, 2016, 'Interaction of Human Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 (CLIC1) with Lipid Bilayers: A Fluorescence Study', Biochemistry, 55, pp. 3825 - 3833, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00080

Mahon KL; Lin H-M; Spielman C; Lee-Ng M; Gurney H; Mallesara G; Stockler MR; Briscoe KP; Marx GM; Breit SN; Brown DA; Horvath L, 2016, 'Phase II trial of circulating cytokines as markers of docetaxel (DTX) resistance in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).', JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 34, http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.34.15_suppl.5039

Salao K; Jiang L; Li H; Tsai VWW; Husaini Y; Curmi PMG; Brown LJ; Brown DA; Breit SN, 2016, 'CLIC1 regulates dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation by modulating phagosome acidification and proteolysis', Biology Open, 5, pp. 620 - 630, http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.018119

Tsai VWW; Lin S; Brown DA; Salis A; Breit SN, 2016, 'Anorexia-cachexia and obesity treatment may be two sides of the same coin: Role of the TGF-b superfamily cytokine MIC-1/GDF15', International Journal of Obesity, 40, pp. 193 - 197, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.242

Sasson SC; McGill K; Wienholt L; Carr A; Brown DA; Kelleher AD; Breit SN; Sewell WA, 2015, 'Comparison of the Freelite serum free light chain (SFLC) assay with serum and urine electrophoresis/immunofixation and the N Latex FLC assay', Pathology, 47, pp. 564 - 569, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PAT.0000000000000316

Jiang J; Trollor JN; Brown DA; Crawford JD; Thalamuthu A; Smith E; Breit SN; Liu T; Brodaty H; Baune BT; Sachdev PS; Wen W, 2015, 'An inverse relationship between serum macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 levels and brain white matter integrity incommunity-dwelling older individuals', Psychoneuroendocrinology, 62, pp. 80 - 88, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.07.610

Tsai VWW; Macia L; Feinle-Bisset C; Manandhar R; Astrup A; Raben A; Lorenzen JK; Schmidt PT; Wiklund F; Pedersen NL; Campbell L; Kriketos A; Xu A; Pengcheng Z; Jia W; Curmi PMG; Angstmann CN; Lee-Ng KKM; Zhang HP; Marquis CP; Husaini Y; Beglinger C; Lin S; Herzog H; Brown DA; Sainsbury A; Breit SN; Lee-Ng M, 2015, 'Serum levels of human MIC-1/GDF15 vary in a diurnal pattern, do not display a profile suggestive of a satiety factor and are related to BMI', Plos One, 10, pp. e0133362, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133362

Mahon KL; Lin HM; Castillo L; Lee BY; Lee-Ng M; Chatfield MD; Chiam K; Breit SN; Brown DA; Molloy MP; Marx GM; Pavlakis N; Boyer MJ; Stockler MR; Daly RJ; Henshall SM; Horvath LG, 2015, 'Cytokine profiling of docetaxel-resistant castration-resistant prostate cancer', British Journal of Cancer, 112, pp. 1340 - 1348, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.74

Fisher OM; Levert-Mignon AJ; Lord SJ; Lee-Ng KKM; Botelho NK; Falkenback D; Thomas ML; Bobryshev YV; Whiteman DC; Brown DA; Breit SN; Lord RV, 2015, 'MIC-1/GDF15 in Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma', British Journal of Cancer, 112, pp. 1384 - 1391, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.100

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