By Dr Ashish Dhar Diwan

Journal articles

Leong BJ; Corbett J; Chen DB; Kirsh G; Leong AKL; Wood JA; Diwan AD; Wernecke GC; Harris IA; MacDessi SJ, 2025, 'Kinematic alignment achieves a tibial joint line angle that is more parallel to the floor in single-leg stance than mechanical alignment : a radiological analysis of a randomized controlled trial.', Bone Joint J, 107-B, pp. 413 - 422, http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.107B4.BJJ-2024-0204.R3

Salame A; Ferreira ML; Hansford HJ; Maher CG; Zadro JR; Christine Lin CW; Diwan A; McAuley JH; Hancock MJ; Harris IA; Ferreira GE, 2025, 'The smallest worthwhile effect of surgery versus non-surgical treatments for sciatica: a benefit-harm trade-off study', Journal of Physiotherapy, 71, pp. 125 - 131, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2025.02.012

Sharma S; Sial A; Sima S; Diwan A, 2025, 'Clinical signs and symptoms for degenerative cervical myelopathy: a scoping review of case-control studies to facilitate early diagnosis among healthcare professionals with stakeholder engagement', Spinal Cord, 63, pp. 171 - 180, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-025-01065-1

Sima S; Diwan A, 2025, 'Contemporary clinical perspectives on chronic low back pain: The biology, mechanics, etc. underpinning clinical and radiological evaluation', JOR Spine, 8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.70021

Sima S; Sial A; Sharma S; Ananthakrishnan D; Kuan J; Diwan A, 2025, 'DeVa (Decay Variance): A Novel Score Calculated via Postprocessing the Changes in Signal Intensity of an Intervertebral Disc in a T2* Multi-Echo Magnetic Resonance Image Can Quantify Painful and Degenerate Lumbar Vertebral Discs', JOR Spine, 8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.70056

Li W; Tu J; Zheng J; Das A; Yan Q; Jiang X; Ding W; Bai X; Lai K; Yang S; Yang C; Zou J; Diwan AD; Zheng Z, 2025, 'Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Changes in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients With Vertebral Bone Marrow Lesions', JOR Spine, 8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.70042

Bohra H; Maalouly J; Neha C; Stewart C; Diwan AD; Petersingham G; Seex K; Rao PJ, 2025, 'Halo traction evaluation of craniocervical instability in hereditary connective tissue disorder patients: Case series', Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 132, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2024.110957

Tam V; Chopra N; Sima S; Chen P; Sharma R; Chan D; Diwan A, 2025, 'Effects of GDF6 on active protein synthesis by cells of degenerated intervertebral disc', European Spine Journal, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-08715-1

Viswanadha AK; Ambrosio L; Vergroesen PPA; Buser Z; Meisel HJ; Santesso N; Cheung JPY; Wu Y; Le HV; Vadalà G; Jain A; Demetriades AK; Cho SK; Hsieh PC; Diwan A; Yoon T; Muthu S; Knowledge Forum Degenerative AS, 2025, 'Factors influencing the adoption of innovation in spine surgery: An international survey of AO spine network', Brain and Spine, 5, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bas.2025.104206

Ambrosio L; Viswanadha AK; Vergroesen PPA; Buser Z; Meisel HJ; Santesso N; Cheung JPY; Le HV; Vadalà G; Jain A; Demetriades AK; Cho SK; Hsieh PC; Diwan AD; Martin C; Yoon T; Muthu S, 2025, 'Global Practices and Preferences in the Use of Osteobiologics for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Cross-Sectional Study', Global Spine Journal, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21925682251322417

Wang D; Diwan AD; Chen X; Lu S, 2025, 'Impacts of hip osteoarthritis on spinal sagittal alignment and surgical outcomes in patients with adult spinal deformity: evidence from meta-analysis and 2-sample mendelian randomization', Spine Journal, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2025.01.021

Chopra N; Melrose J; Gu Z; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Biomimetic Proteoglycans for Intervertebral Disc (IVD) Regeneration', Biomimetics, 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9120722

Sial AW; Sima S; Narulla R; Najib N; Davies M; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Is neck pain a marker for something serious? Like myelopathy', Spinal Cord, 62, pp. 718 - 720, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-024-01041-1

Sial AW; Sima S; Koremans FW; Narulla R; Barber L; Yataganbana A; Hsu B; Singh B; Kulkarni V; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Establishing a comprehensive care paradigm: Insights from a specialised combined scoliosis clinic in Australia', Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 129, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2024.110846

Lu S; Zhu W; Diwan AD; Wang JC; Zhao G; Buser Z; Wang D; Cui P; Wang Y; Kong C; Wang W; Chen X, 2024, 'Global Coronal Malalignment in Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis and Priority-Matching Correction Technique to Prevent Postoperative Coronal Decompensation', Global Spine Journal, 14, pp. 2327 - 2339, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21925682231178202

Wang D; Wang W; Wang Y; Kong C; Wang S; Buser Z; Diwan AD; Chen X; Lu S, 2024, 'Identification and impact of failure of pelvic compensation in patients with adult spinal deformity', Spine Journal, 24, pp. 2124 - 2134, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2024.06.011

Narulla RS; Chen X; Diwan AD; Smith GCS, 2024, 'The shoulder microbiome: a systematic review and meta analysis', JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques, 4, pp. 684 - 693, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xrrt.2024.06.010

Arora NK; Donath L; Owen PJ; Miller CT; Kaczorowski S; Saueressig T; Pedder H; Mundell NL; Tagliaferri SD; Diwan A; Chen X; Zhao X; Huessler EM; Ehrenbrusthoff K; Ford JJ; Hahne AJ; Hammel L; Norda H; Belavy DL, 2024, 'DOSage of Exercise for chronic low back pain disorders (DOSE): Protocol for a systematic review with dose-response network meta-analysis', BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 10, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002108

Sima S; Chen X; Sheldrick K; Lu A; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Imaging predictors of progression of lumbar spondylolysis to spondylolisthesis: a systematic review', Spine Journal, 24, pp. 1431 - 1442, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2024.03.010

Sial AW; Sima S; Chen X; Saulys C; Kuan J; Davies M; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Spinal column radiological factors associated with increased spinal cord intramedullary signal intensity − A study evaluating aging spinal cord's relation to spinal disc degeneration', Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 126, pp. 86 - 94, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2024.05.033

Wang D; Wang W; Han D; Muthu S; Cabrera JP; Hamouda W; Ambrosio L; Cheung JPY; Le HV; Vadalà G; Buser Z; Wang JC; Cho S; Yoon ST; Lu S; Chen X; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Clinical effectiveness of reduction and fusion versus in situ fusion in the management of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis', European Spine Journal, 33, pp. 1748 - 1761, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-08041-4

Levayer MMS; Chew GRP; Sheldrick KA; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Answer to the Letter to the Editor of MJ Bolland, et al. concerning “Characteristics of baseline frequency data in spinal RCTs do not suggest widespread non-random allocation” by MMS Levayer, et al. (Eur Spine J [2023]32:3009–3014)', European Spine Journal, 33, pp. 1705 - 1706, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-024-08169-x

Mukhopadhyay SC; Senn I; Ramakrishna V; George B; Prusty G; Diwan A, 2024, 'Feasibility analysis of wireless power delivery to implanted sensors of XLIF patients', International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, 17, http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijssis-2024-0028

Sima S; Lapkin S; Diwan AD, 2024, 'In subjects with chronic low back pain, does neuropathia exclusively correlated to neuronal compression? A correlation study of PainDETECT questionnaire and corresponding MRI and X-ray findings', European Spine Journal, 33, pp. 1465 - 1473, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-024-08156-2

Sima S; Chen X; Sheldrick K; Kuan J; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Reconsidering high intensity zones: its role in intervertebral disk degeneration and low back pain', European Spine Journal, 33, pp. 1474 - 1483, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-024-08185-x

Singh NK; Singh NK; Verma R; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Validation and Estimation of Obesity-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration through Subject-Specific Finite Element Modelling of Functional Spinal Units', Bioengineering, 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11040344

Sima S; Lapkin S; Gan Z; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Nociceptive pain assessed by the PainDETECT questionnaire may predict response to opioid treatment for chronic low back pain', Heliyon, 10, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25834

Lapkin S; Sima S; Gan Z; Diwan AD, 2024, 'A confirmatory factor analysis of an electronic format painDETECT questionnaire for patients with low back pain', Current Medical Research and Opinion, 40, pp. 259 - 265, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2023.2293570

Sima S; Lapkin S; Gan Z; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Association Between Non-spinal Comorbid Medical Conditions and Neuropathic Low Back Pain. – A Further Unravelling of Pain Complexities in the Context of Back Pain', Global Spine Journal, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21925682241276441

Najib N; Yataganbaba A; Briggs NE; Ghahreman A; Mobbs R; Rao PJ; Hansen M; Davies M; Kohan S; Kulkarni V; Sial A; Ambikaipalan A; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Baseline characteristics of patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy in Australia: analysis from the MYelopathy NAtural History registry', ANZ Journal of Surgery, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ans.19354

Corban LE; van de Graaf VA; Chen DB; Wood JA; Diwan AD; Macdessi SJ, 2024, 'How often do we alter constitutional limb alignment, joint line obliquity, and Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotype when performing mechanically aligned TKA? A large single-institution retrospective radiological analysis', Bone and Joint Open, 5, pp. 109 - 116, http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.52.BJO-2023-0122

Gan Z; Sima S; Lapkin S; Diwan AD, 2024, 'Low back pain classifications and their associations with disability, quality-of-life, and sociodemographic factors: a comprehensive examination using the PainDETECT questionnaire', Current Medical Research and Opinion, 40, pp. 1379 - 1387, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2378177

Sima S; Chen X; Diwan AD, 2024, 'The association between inflammatory biomarkers and low back disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis', Biomarkers, 29, pp. 171 - 184, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1354750X.2024.2339285

Cabrera JP; Virk MS; Cho SK; Muthu S; Ambrosio L; Yoon ST; Buser Z; Wang JC; Diwan AD; Hsieh PC; The AO Spine Knowledge Forum Degenerative , 2024, 'What Radiographic and Spinopelvic Parameters do Spine Surgeons Consider in Decision-Making for Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis?', Global Spine Journal, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21925682241306105

Li X; Chen X; Wang Y; Diwan AD; Lu S, 2023, 'Early outcomes of oblique lateral interbody fusion with posterior fixation versus posterior interbody fusion with fixation for treating adult degenerative scoliosis', Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04363-7

Farhart P; Beakley D; Diwan A; Duffield R; Rodriguez EP; Chamoli U; Watsford M, 2023, 'Intrinsic variables associated with low back pain and lumbar spine injury in fast bowlers in cricket: a systematic review', BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00732-1

Tavakoli J; Diwan AD; Tipper JL, 2023, 'Intervertebral disc-on-a-chip: a precision engineered toolbox for low back pain studies', Trends in Biotechnology, 41, pp. 1339 - 1342, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.04.009

Levayer MMS; Chew GRP; Sheldrick KA; Diwan AD, 2023, 'Characteristics of baseline frequency data in spinal RCTs do not suggest widespread non-random allocation', European Spine Journal, 32, pp. 3009 - 3014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-07813-2

Zhang T; Zhu C; Zhao Y; Zhao M; Wang Z; Song R; Meng N; Sial A; Diwan A; Liu J; Cheung JPY, 2023, 'Deep Learning Model to Classify and Monitor Idiopathic Scoliosis in Adolescents Using a Single Smartphone Photograph', JAMA Network Open, 6, pp. E2330617, http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30617

Tu J; Li W; Hansbro PM; Yan Q; Bai X; Donovan C; Kim RY; Galvao I; Das A; Yang C; Zou J; Diwan A, 2023, 'Smoking and tetramer tryptase accelerate intervertebral disc degeneration by inducing METTL14-mediated DIXDC1 m⁶ modification', Molecular Therapy, 31, pp. 2524 - 2542, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.010

Pathinathan K; Kulkarni V; Diwan A, 2023, 'Partial atlantooccipital assimilation causing atlantoaxial instability and early myelopathy in an adult treated with occipitocervical fusion: A case report', International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 109, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108592

Samartzis D; Aboushaala K; Albert TJ; Cha T; Chee A; Diwan AD; Espinoza-Orias A; Hu SS; Inoue N; Jacobs JJ; Lenke LG; Louie PK; Martin JT; Nassr A; Oh C; Phillips FM; Riew KD; Shen FH; Tannoury C; Vaccaro AR; Wong AYL; Yoon ST, 2023, 'Howard S. An: 2023 International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine Wiltse Lifetime Achievement Award', Spine, 48, pp. 810 - 813, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0000000000004627

Chen X; Kohan S; Bhargav D; Choi J; Perera S; Dean C; Chopra N; Sial A; Sandhu HS; Apos E; Appleyard R; Diwan AD, 2023, 'Phase 1 evaluation of an elastomeric nucleus pulposus device as an option to augment disc at microdiscectomy: Experimental results from biomechanical and biocompatibility testing and first in human', JOR Spine, 6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1250

Chen X; Lu S; Chopra N; Cui P; Zhang S; Narulla R; Diwan AD, 2023, 'The association between low virulence organisms in different locations and intervertebral disc structural failure: A meta-analysis and systematic review', JOR Spine, 6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1244

Chew G; Menounos S; Sheldrick K; Das A; Diwan AD, 2023, 'Age-based exclusion is common and multifactorial in spinal RCTs: a systematic review and quantitative analysis', European Spine Journal, 32, pp. 1537 - 1545, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-07618-3

Han CS; Maher CG; Steffens D; Diwan A; Magnussen J; Hancock EC; Hancock MJ, 2023, 'Some magnetic resonance imaging findings may predict future low back pain and disability: a systematic review', Journal of Physiotherapy, 69, pp. 79 - 92, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2023.02.007

Alini M; Diwan AD; Erwin WM; Little CB; Melrose J, 2023, 'An update on animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain: Exploring the potential of artificial intelligence to improve research analysis and development of prospective therapeutics', JOR Spine, 6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1230

Diwan AD; Melrose J, 2023, 'Intervertebral disc degeneration and how it leads to low back pain', JOR Spine, 6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1231

Ramakrishna VAS; Chamoli U; Larosa AG; Mukhopadhyay SC; Gangadhara Prusty B; Diwan AD, 2023, 'A biomechanical comparison of posterior fixation approaches in lumbar fusion using computed tomography based lumbosacral spine modelling', Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 237, pp. 243 - 253, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544119221149119

Ramakrishna VAS; Chamoli U; Mukhopadhyay SC; Diwan AD; Prusty BG, 2023, 'Measuring compressive loads on a ‘smart’ lumbar interbody fusion cage: Proof of concept', Journal of Biomechanics, 147, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111440

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